Smart Railway Gate System using IOT
Abstract—The automation of Railway gates at intersections crossing is very important to avoid accidents near it. At present, railway crossing gates are operated manually by gate operator. When a train leaves the station, the in-charge person of the station sends the signal/information to the gate operator about the departure and arrival of the train. The involvement of human is avoided by automating the process. If train’s arrival is delayed by any reasons, the care is taken that gates are not opened for long period of time due to this it leads to the traffic jam and also wastage of time. The system uses two Infrared (IR) sensors in order to sense the arrival and going movement of the railway engine. Train’s advent when detected, signal in the form of sound and warning light signal indication is given to the commuters to warn about advent of train towards me. Sensor I sense the advent of the train the warning is given in the form of red color light and the driving agent attached to the gate will start to shut the opened gate. In order to control the gate motor has been used. The gates are made to shut unless and until the train passes completely moves away from railway gate. The motor helps in lifting and shutting the gate based on coming going of the train which is done with the help of sensors. Sensors will play a vital role in automating the things along with the help of motor and arduino as a controller, raspberry.
Keywords—Automation; IR Sensor; Obstacle detection; Railway gate; Sensor formatting;
I. INTRODUCTION
Railways are one of the most common used modes of transportation in India. Error free railway operations are very rare these days due the human negligence and miscommunications which leads to accidents and delay in advent of the train; the path or the area where roadway and rail lines meet is known railway cross. A gate is placed for controlling the movement of the vehicles which requires human effort and coordination, mistiming in this leads to accidents. Gates are manually operated, errors which may give rise while closing and opening, the technique suggested here paper introduces a whole new way of automating the things. These are usually handled by a concerned person and he/she will be communicated by some way of communication from station’s controlling department. Percentages of incorrectness are high at Railway crosses are at the peak because of the human errors and also due to the lack of the knowledge of train timings. If detainment happens in lifting and shutting gate and irresponsibility may cause big disaster. Current proposed work here tries to develop a mechanism which does the automation of gate operations (opening and closing) using Arduino, Raspberry Pi, IR sensor and using Motor for closing and opening of a gate.
Some of the challenges faced by the Railway Department with regard to this is the increase in percentage of accidents near crossing. Present mechanism consists of human operations which happen based on communication messages got from the Railway station. Mistakes in sending the information/signal to the gate operator regarding train’s arrival, some delay or problem with respect to the closing and opening of the gate or regarding anything which might have got between the tracks which in turn cause the mishap near the crossing. Our system helps in dealing with some issues i.e. Lessens the overall waiting duration spent by people near crossing and it guarantees protection of the humans near crossing during the passing of the train when near crossing. As the human involvement is present in operation of gate which will be reduced which reduces probability
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research (IJRTER)
Volume 04, Issue 03; March- 2018 [ISSN: 2455-1457]
@IJRTER-2018, All Rights Reserved 270
of mishap and colliding of trains coming at the same time from opposite direction near crossing. Sensors play a major role in automating the process of gate lifting and closing. This paper shows an automated Smart way of controlling the gates at crossing which provides reliability, security when compared to current system.
II. RELATED WORK
Some of the previous systems related to the railway gate automation are found in [1-4].The automation of gate was first tried in Korea. This System was efficient in reduction of mishap level near crossing. Magnetic sensors played an important role in the Korea’s automations of crossing gates. Sensors which were deployed under the ground were unaffected by the changes caused in environment and they help in recognizing vehicular direction. In [4] current Railway’s Technology is tried to introduce here and discussed about the disadvantages of manual system. The train’s detectors here sensors play a prominent component in automating the system and also cost effective.
III. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Lifting and shutting of bars located at crossing works on sensors. The structure of the system comprises of sensors which detects advent and going of train in order to operate gate using Infra-Red Sensors. Suggested structure of system consists of two IR sensors. One for identification of arrival and another for departure of train. Arduino and Raspberry Pi-3 are used for controlling the system as well as it in turn sends the arrival and departure of the train i.e. its data to the cloud. System built here consists of the sound and signal alert which help in the warning the people near the railway crossing. IR Sensors and DC motor are controlled by the Arduino and Raspberry Pi collectively. The motors are controlled by the L298 motor driver shown in figure 3 which helps in the speed and angle of rotation of the gate.
The major components are used in the Automating the Railway Gate are sensors. A sensor is the one which detects the objects which are near. Here we have used IR sensor, L298 Motor Driver for controlling the motors which help in controlling the operation of the lifting and shutting up bar of gate.
3.1 IR sensor,IR sensors used here help in detecting the train using infrared receiver and transmitter. Infrared sensors have potential in noticing an object based on the thermal or heat radiations which it senses which was emitted from the object. It detects the radiations emitted by the object to detect its presence in the surrounding. IR sensor is one of the widely used components for object detection.
Fig.1 Infrared Sensor
3.2 L298 Motor Driver, L298 motor driver is a motor driver or a controller which help in coordinating, controlling and helps in giving specific angle of rotation to the Motor. This is one of the core important part of Smart Railway Gate System. This helps in controlling the gate’s motion
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research (IJRTER)
Volume 04, Issue 03; March- 2018 [ISSN: 2455-1457]
@IJRTER-2018, All Rights Reserved 271
which is coordinated with IR Sensor which detects the presence of train based on the output of the IR sensor the motor is controlled whether to open the gate or to close the gate. This finally helps in automating the gates.
Fig.2 L298 Motor Driver.
3.3 DC Motor, Here the 12V DC motor has been used but the Motor can be varied based on the gate length and its weight. Motor is controlled using the Motor Driver which in turn is coordinated by IR Sensors.
3.4 Thing speak Cloud, For the better analysis of the system, the system is monitored using Cloud i.e. Thing speak cloud, the cloud is an open IoT platform with analytics which lets to store and collect sensor data. Each advent and departure of railway is stored in cloud. Graph shown below gives analysis of the trains arrival and departure at one particular railway crossing gate. In graph 1 indicates that train has been departed and 2 indicate train has arrived. Based on this the frequency of arrival and departure of the train at a particular station will give the railway department information regarding the level of security need to undertake at that particular point.
Fig.3 Analysis of Arrival and Departure of train on Thing speak cloud
The analysis helps in analyzing the severity of the actions to be undertaken at the railway level crossing. Live analysis can be seen so that to take effective measures immediately. This is how analysis of the data helps in further
Abstract—The automation of Railway gates at intersections crossing is very important to avoid accidents near it. At present, railway crossing gates are operated manually by gate operator. When a train leaves the station, the in-charge person of the station sends the signal/information to the gate operator about the departure and arrival of the train. The involvement of human is avoided by automating the process. If train’s arrival is delayed by any reasons, the care is taken that gates are not opened for long period of time due to this it leads to the traffic jam and also wastage of time. The system uses two Infrared (IR) sensors in order to sense the arrival and going movement of the railway engine. Train’s advent when detected, signal in the form of sound and warning light signal indication is given to the commuters to warn about advent of train towards me. Sensor I sense the advent of the train the warning is given in the form of red color light and the driving agent attached to the gate will start to shut the opened gate. In order to control the gate motor has been used. The gates are made to shut unless and until the train passes completely moves away from railway gate. The motor helps in lifting and shutting the gate based on coming going of the train which is done with the help of sensors. Sensors will play a vital role in automating the things along with the help of motor and arduino as a controller, raspberry.
Keywords—Automation; IR Sensor; Obstacle detection; Railway gate; Sensor formatting;
I. INTRODUCTION
Railways are one of the most common used modes of transportation in India. Error free railway operations are very rare these days due the human negligence and miscommunications which leads to accidents and delay in advent of the train; the path or the area where roadway and rail lines meet is known railway cross. A gate is placed for controlling the movement of the vehicles which requires human effort and coordination, mistiming in this leads to accidents. Gates are manually operated, errors which may give rise while closing and opening, the technique suggested here paper introduces a whole new way of automating the things. These are usually handled by a concerned person and he/she will be communicated by some way of communication from station’s controlling department. Percentages of incorrectness are high at Railway crosses are at the peak because of the human errors and also due to the lack of the knowledge of train timings. If detainment happens in lifting and shutting gate and irresponsibility may cause big disaster. Current proposed work here tries to develop a mechanism which does the automation of gate operations (opening and closing) using Arduino, Raspberry Pi, IR sensor and using Motor for closing and opening of a gate.
Some of the challenges faced by the Railway Department with regard to this is the increase in percentage of accidents near crossing. Present mechanism consists of human operations which happen based on communication messages got from the Railway station. Mistakes in sending the information/signal to the gate operator regarding train’s arrival, some delay or problem with respect to the closing and opening of the gate or regarding anything which might have got between the tracks which in turn cause the mishap near the crossing. Our system helps in dealing with some issues i.e. Lessens the overall waiting duration spent by people near crossing and it guarantees protection of the humans near crossing during the passing of the train when near crossing. As the human involvement is present in operation of gate which will be reduced which reduces probability
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research (IJRTER)
Volume 04, Issue 03; March- 2018 [ISSN: 2455-1457]
@IJRTER-2018, All Rights Reserved 270
of mishap and colliding of trains coming at the same time from opposite direction near crossing. Sensors play a major role in automating the process of gate lifting and closing. This paper shows an automated Smart way of controlling the gates at crossing which provides reliability, security when compared to current system.
II. RELATED WORK
Some of the previous systems related to the railway gate automation are found in [1-4].The automation of gate was first tried in Korea. This System was efficient in reduction of mishap level near crossing. Magnetic sensors played an important role in the Korea’s automations of crossing gates. Sensors which were deployed under the ground were unaffected by the changes caused in environment and they help in recognizing vehicular direction. In [4] current Railway’s Technology is tried to introduce here and discussed about the disadvantages of manual system. The train’s detectors here sensors play a prominent component in automating the system and also cost effective.
III. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Lifting and shutting of bars located at crossing works on sensors. The structure of the system comprises of sensors which detects advent and going of train in order to operate gate using Infra-Red Sensors. Suggested structure of system consists of two IR sensors. One for identification of arrival and another for departure of train. Arduino and Raspberry Pi-3 are used for controlling the system as well as it in turn sends the arrival and departure of the train i.e. its data to the cloud. System built here consists of the sound and signal alert which help in the warning the people near the railway crossing. IR Sensors and DC motor are controlled by the Arduino and Raspberry Pi collectively. The motors are controlled by the L298 motor driver shown in figure 3 which helps in the speed and angle of rotation of the gate.
The major components are used in the Automating the Railway Gate are sensors. A sensor is the one which detects the objects which are near. Here we have used IR sensor, L298 Motor Driver for controlling the motors which help in controlling the operation of the lifting and shutting up bar of gate.
3.1 IR sensor,IR sensors used here help in detecting the train using infrared receiver and transmitter. Infrared sensors have potential in noticing an object based on the thermal or heat radiations which it senses which was emitted from the object. It detects the radiations emitted by the object to detect its presence in the surrounding. IR sensor is one of the widely used components for object detection.
Fig.1 Infrared Sensor
3.2 L298 Motor Driver, L298 motor driver is a motor driver or a controller which help in coordinating, controlling and helps in giving specific angle of rotation to the Motor. This is one of the core important part of Smart Railway Gate System. This helps in controlling the gate’s motion
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research (IJRTER)
Volume 04, Issue 03; March- 2018 [ISSN: 2455-1457]
@IJRTER-2018, All Rights Reserved 271
which is coordinated with IR Sensor which detects the presence of train based on the output of the IR sensor the motor is controlled whether to open the gate or to close the gate. This finally helps in automating the gates.
Fig.2 L298 Motor Driver.
3.3 DC Motor, Here the 12V DC motor has been used but the Motor can be varied based on the gate length and its weight. Motor is controlled using the Motor Driver which in turn is coordinated by IR Sensors.
3.4 Thing speak Cloud, For the better analysis of the system, the system is monitored using Cloud i.e. Thing speak cloud, the cloud is an open IoT platform with analytics which lets to store and collect sensor data. Each advent and departure of railway is stored in cloud. Graph shown below gives analysis of the trains arrival and departure at one particular railway crossing gate. In graph 1 indicates that train has been departed and 2 indicate train has arrived. Based on this the frequency of arrival and departure of the train at a particular station will give the railway department information regarding the level of security need to undertake at that particular point.
Fig.3 Analysis of Arrival and Departure of train on Thing speak cloud
The analysis helps in analyzing the severity of the actions to be undertaken at the railway level crossing. Live analysis can be seen so that to take effective measures immediately. This is how analysis of the data helps in further
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